In a big step to protect one of India’s oldest mountain ranges, the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change on December 24, 2025, told the governments of Haryana, Rajasthan, and Gujarat to stop giving out any new mining leases across the full Aravalli landscape. This covers the hills from Gujarat all the way to the Delhi-NCR area. The order says existing mines can keep working only if they follow all rules strictly, but no fresh permissions will be given until a proper plan is ready.
The Aravalli hills are very important. They act like a green wall that stops the Thar desert from spreading east. They also help recharge groundwater, support many plants and animals, and keep the air cleaner in places like Delhi. But over the years, illegal mining and quarrying have damaged large parts of these hills, leading to loss of forests and water sources.
Why This Ban Now?
This move comes right after a Supreme Court ruling in November 2025. The court accepted a new uniform way to define what counts as Aravalli hills – any landform that rises 100 metres or more above the surrounding ground, along with its slopes and nearby areas. Two or more such hills within 500 metres of each other make an Aravalli range.
The court said no new mining leases should be given until the ministry, through the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), makes a full Management Plan for Sustainable Mining. This plan will look at the impact on nature, find sensitive spots where mining should never happen, and suggest ways to restore damaged areas.
The ministry has now asked ICFRE to spot more no-mining zones and prepare this plan soon. It will be shared publicly for suggestions from everyone.
Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav said this ban shows the government’s strong commitment to saving the Aravallis. “We are protecting the entire range as one continuous ridge and stopping all unregulated mining,” he explained. He added that only a very small part – about 0.19% – of the total area has legal mining now, and no relaxation has been given.
The Controversy Around the New Definition
Not everyone is happy with the new 100-metre rule. Congress leader Jairam Ramesh called it dangerous. He said it could leave most of the lower hills without protection, opening them up for mining or other activities. “This redefinition was rejected by experts like the Forest Survey of India and the Supreme Court’s own committee,” Ramesh posted on social media. He accused the government of trying to help mining interests.
Mr Yadav hit back, calling these claims lies. He pointed out that during Congress rule in Rajasthan, a lot of illegal mining happened. “The new rules will actually protect over 90% of the area and stop illegal activities,” he said.
Environmental groups worry that without protecting the smaller hills and valleys, the whole ecosystem could break. They say mining has already made some hillocks disappear and hurt water flow in the region.
Importance of Aravalli Hills
The Aravalli range is one of the oldest in the world, stretching over 600 km. It has rich biodiversity, with many rare plants, birds, and animals like leopards. In Haryana and Delhi-NCR, it helps fight pollution and desert spread. Rivers like Chambal and Luni start from here.
But illegal quarrying has caused big problems – dust pollution, falling water tables, and loss of green cover. The Supreme Court has been watching this for years, banning mining in some parts earlier.
The government says the new plan will balance needs – allowing limited sustainable mining for important minerals while saving sensitive zones.
What Happens Next?
States must follow the ban right away. Existing mines will face stricter checks. ICFRE’s plan will decide future rules, including restoration work.
Many hope this leads to better protection. “The Aravallis need urgent care. This ban is a good start, but the plan must be strong,” said one activist.
The government has also started projects like the Aravalli Green Wall to plant more trees around the hills.
This decision shows the ongoing fight between development and nature protection in India. With climate change making deserts grow faster, saving the Aravallis is key for millions living nearby.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the new ban on mining in Aravalli?
The Environment Ministry has ordered a complete stop on giving new mining leases across the entire Aravalli range from Gujarat to Delhi-NCR. This is until a sustainable mining plan is ready.
Why was this ban imposed?
To follow a Supreme Court order from November 2025 and protect the hills from illegal mining. The court wants a proper plan first to avoid damage to nature.
Does this affect existing mines?
No, legal existing mines can continue if they follow all environmental rules strictly. But no new ones or expansions.
What is the new definition of Aravalli hills?
Hills that rise 100 metres or more above local ground, including their slopes. Ranges are groups of such hills close together.
Why is there criticism?
Some say the 100-metre rule leaves smaller hills unprotected, which could allow more activities there. Jairam Ramesh called it risky for the ecosystem.
What did the government say to criticism?
Minister Bhupender Yadav said claims are false. Only a tiny part is mined legally, and the rules protect most of the area better.
How important are Aravalli hills?
They stop desert spread, recharge water, support wildlife, and help clean air in north India.
Will there be more protected areas?
Yes, ICFRE will find extra zones where mining should be fully banned based on ecology.
Can mining ever happen again?
Only in allowed areas after the sustainable plan is approved, and with strict controls.
Who is involved in making the plan?
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, with input from states and public.